The
Murquis Wu Shrine (Wu Hou Ci), located in the southern Chengdu, Cichuan,
is the memorial shrine of Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu Kingdom
in the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280 AD). It was built in the 6th century
AD. It was merged into the Zhao Lie Temple (in memory of Liu Bei, Zhuge
Liang's emperor) at the end of the 14th century. That is the reason why
the front gate lintel bears the characters "Han Zhao Lie Temple".
Zhuge Liang (181AD-234AD), a native of today's Yishui County, Shandong
Province at the end of Han Dynasty, was a celebrated statesman and military
strategist of the Shu Kingdom. After his death, he was confered on posthumously
the title of "Zhong Wu Hou" ("Loyal Marquis Wu" in
English) owing to his outstanding contributions to the Shu Kingdom. He
is immortalized in one of the classics of Chinese literature, The Romance
of the Three Kingdoms.
There are age-old cypresses greeting the visitors who enter the shrine
through the front gate. Among the trees stand six tablets, the largest
of which was carved and erected in the Tang Dynasty in 809 A.D. The inscription
on the tablet was written by Pei Du, a famous prime minister in the mid
Tang Dynasty, the handwriting of the celebrated calligrapher Liu Gongzhuo
and engraved by Lu Jian. Because of the perfectness of the essay, calligraphy
and engraving, the tablet is reputed as "The Three Consummation Tablet".
The Liu Bei Hall comes in sight after one steps into the second gate.
Right in the middle of the hall stands Liu Bei's gilded clay figure. On
the east wall hangs the wood carving of The Conversation in Longzhong
by Zhuge Liang. In the year of 207 AD, Liu Bei, the emperor of the Shu
Kingdom, called on Zhuge Liang in the thatched cottage three times, consulting
him about the strategies for unifying the country and inviting him to
join his coalition. The Conversation in Longzhong was the answer to the
request. Thanks to Zhuge Liang's accurate analysis of the situation and
wise advice, Liu Bei eventually established his Shu Kingdom under the
former's guidance, and Liu Bei himself became the king. On the west wall
is The Memorial to the Throne before an Expedition. In addition to the
main hall, there are two wing halls, the east and the west, in which stand
the statues of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, two well-known warriors. On both
sides in front of the Liu Bei Hall are east and west corridors housing
28 statues of the most famous civil officials and warriors of the Shu
Kingdom.
Spacious and magnificent is Zhuge Liang Hall. Right in the middle stands
Zhuge Liang's gold-plated statue. On both sides are the statues of hid
son and grandson. Inside and outside the hall hang a dozen couplets and
tablets eulogizing Zhuge Liang's great feats. In front of the statue are
three copper drums in different sizes. It is said when Zhuge Liang started
the southern expedition, these drums were used as cookers in the daytime
and as alarms in case of emergency at night, hence the name "Zhuge's
Drums". Out of the Zhuge Liang Hall, in the west, the red-walled
lane comes into view, where lies the Liu Bei's Tomb known as "Hui
Mausoleum".
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